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Fidel Gutierrez Vivanco - Lima, Peru

"Human being's Universal Formation"

Fidel Gutierrez

Abstract

The objective of education is human beings universal formation. What does a human being universal formation mean? It means their maximum fulfillment. This maximum fulfillment makes possible the reproduction of universal values by the means of education so guaranteeing the continuity of the human species. This task of education is truncated in the modern man by the fragmentary paradigm of unilateral formation. This unilateral formation is the cause of the individual’s spiritual fragmentation that is reflected in its existential crisis and of values. The prevalence of the antivalues in society leads to individual spiritual self-destruction and in consequence, to the destruction of society. In front of this global problem, the necessity arises for restating the objective of education on a new ontological base that it understands the nature of mans essence, and the universal principles.

Human being’s universal formation is based on fundamentals ontological and universal principles. The ontological principles are human being's biological, social and spiritual nature.

What are the universal principles?

These are the principles of conservation and destruction. These principles are inherent to all entities in interaction. The simple interaction consists of two entities in the exchange of energy, where one wins and another loses. The entity is preserved earning energy and who loses is destroyed. If the interactions were only asymmetrical, without reciprocity, entities are continually formed and destroyed without evolutionary processes take place and development in living organisms. The symmetrical interactions are the basis for the formation of organizational systems. These interactions allow symmetrical birth, development and death of any system. The durable systems are those that can maintain the balance between the gain and loss of energy in their interaction, this means the balance between the principle of conservation and the principle of destruction.
The inseparability of these two principles of conservation and destruction are shown in two impossible phenomena:
1) If all the entities are preserved without destroyed, the entities would be eternal, but remain eternal, would be independent. Being independent means that a entity consumes its own energy. But consumption of a entity will lead to self-destruction, and so happen to all entities of the universe, which means that the whole universe destroy itself and this self-destruction of the universe is not possible, because they are prohibited by the laws of conservation of matter and energy. Therefore, this phenomenon is the first impossible.
2) If there was only the beginning of destruction without the principle of conservation, all entities or systems of the universe would eventually disintegrating. If this process occurs at the same time in all systems, the universe would end in nothing. This is also another phenomenon impossible, because it would be another violation of the law of conservation of matter and energy. Therefore, the universal principles of conservation and destruction are inseparable and inherent to all entities of the universe.
The entities exist in interaction. The interaction is the exchange of energy. Energy is necessary for the preservation of entities. The impossibility of self-conservation leads to the conclusion dependence universal entities. Thus, the universal unit determines the universal interaction. And the interaction universal of the entities determined the unity of the universe.

How is possible the unity of the universe?

There are several ways to determine the unity of the universe. One is the impossibility of self-conservation without relying on others. The argument determinant the unity of the universe is the universal dependence entities. This unit is held in universal interaction universally the same. This interaction of the entities is materialized into concrete action as the feeding of living beings. Photosynthesis reflects the unity of the cosmos and life on Earth. The cycles of nature, and the constant transformations of all entities are products of their interaction. Therefore, the universe is a dynamic interaction of the entities, is infinite in the diversity of their entities, and it is orderly by the entities' organization forming systems, the same that enable the universal interaction.
The unity of the universe is the starting point for implementing education in the universal principles of conservation and destruction, based on the nature and essence of man.

What is the nature and essence of human beings?

The nature of human beings involves three dimensions: biological. Social and spiritual. And consequently, has three essences: biological essence, social essence, and spiritual essence. The essence that gives identity to the human being is his spirit, and therefore the spirit is the essence of man.

The three essences mentioned determine the identities of three men: individual identity, social identity and human identity. These three identities reflect the three levels of organization of human beings: Individual, society and humanity. Similarly, these three levels of organization are correlated with the triple dimension of man and his three essences. Therefore, development of man understands the biological development, social and spiritual. The spiritual and social development depends on education, which is aimed at the formation of man. The formation of man culminates in their individual achievement, social and human. Being the human realization the man's maximum conservation.

On this basis, education following the principle of conservation, aims at training universal man.
Being the man an entity, with nature and essence, are the two universal principles applicable to their existence.
Moreover, the temporality of human beings in general and of all entities of the universe is due to the principle of destruction. Is it possible the conservation of men in its three levels: individual, society and humanity? It is possible if the man becomes aware of the conservation of nature and its essence. In the awareness, knowledge in the basis for the conservation of man. So the purpose of knowledge is conservation. For that man is preserved at all three levels of organization: Individual, social and human, we need education. So education is a process of learning from experience and socio-cultural nature. The primary source of knowledge is the nature that includes the same man. So education responds to the need for conservation of man, in his three levels of organization: Individual, society and humanity. To be effective education must assume the formation of universal human being.

How is the universal formation of the man?

The principle of conservation determines that the man claiming to preserve biological, social and spiritual. The man's identity is determined by its spirit. The spirit as the essence of man determines the preservation of its essential being. The preservation of its essence means the preservation of their spirit. For the preservation of the human spirit possible, we need to win energy continuously. The gain continuous energy means overcoming continuing, continuous learning, knowledge continuous development in the amount of spirit. The development of the spirit involves the footsteps of his phylogenetic development, which is to go its three identities. These three identities are stages of development: selfish, altruistic, and humanist.
On this basis, the goal of education is the formation of a universal man. The formation of a universal man is reaching the third stage of spiritual development, humanistic spirit.
The humanist spirit is the highest level of evolutionary man. So is a reference to the conservation of the individual, society and humanity. If the conservation of the individual depends on the development of its spirit, this development is possible only through education. Thus, conservation of the individual, society and humanity depends on the formation of a universal man. The formation of man as a universal task depends on education.

How is it possible the universal formation of the human being?

The universal formation process is related to universal formation of human identity. The man's identity has three stages: individual identity, social identity and human identity. This formation of identity is a summary of self-knowledge and knowledge of the world.
The formation of individual identity is the product of self-knowledge and the discovery of the difference of another. This is the stage selfish, respond to preserving individual driven by individual values. In the process of integration into society, the individual assimilate values of social coexistence. The systematization of these social values determines the qualitative change of the individual, that is, the birth of her new identity: altruism. At this stage, the spirit required to preserve the appropriation of social values. The altruism corresponds to the second man's identity. The transformation of the altruistic spirit to humanist spirit is given by the development and new systematization of universal values related to the conservation of mankind. Thus the spirit reaches its universalization. Humanism is a product of assimilation of the universal values that correspond to the conservation of mankind. In this sense, universal formation is a need for conservation of nature and essence of human beings. It's like the necessity of reaching a plant to flower and bear fruit, the man needs to reach its maximum realisation of the universal spirit to reproduce the historical experience socio-cultural development of mankind.
The content of education are the values. Values are three levels: individual values, social and universal. The formation of spirit is the assimilation of values that correspond to the need for conservation respectively at each stage of development of the spirit: selfish, altruistic and humanist.

Conclusions:

1. The problem of education in today's society has root causes that requires a solution at ontological.

2. A universal formation is to overcome the fragmentary formation of education today.

3. A fragmentary formation of current education contributes to society selfish individuals, with individual values that become a collective antivalores for coexistence.

4. The crisis of values in modern society is due to selfishness. The selfishness of man is due to the fragmentary formation.

5. The fragmentary formation of man is due to a fragmented conception of reality.

6. The unit of the universe, the two universal principles of conservation and destruction, nature and essence of man are the foundation of the universal formation of man.

7. The universal formation of man responds to the universal principle of conservation and the need for conservation of mankind.

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